2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Pyruvate Kinase

Pyruvate Kinase

Pyruvate Kinase

Related Products

PDF 0.16 MB

Pyruvate kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate and ADP to pyruvate and ATP in glycolysis and plays a role in regulating cell metabolism. There are four mammalian pyruvate kinase isoforms with unique tissue expression patterns and regulatory properties. Pyruvate kinase has four different tissue-specific isozymes in animals, PKL, PKR, PKM1, and PKM2. The L and R isozymes are expressed in the liver (L) and red blood cells (R), whereas PKM2 is expressed in early embryonic cells and other proliferating cells, and PKM1 is expressed in the brain, skeletal muscle, and heart which need high energy.

PKM1 and PKM2 are formed by a single mRNA transcript of the PKM gene by alternative splicing. The oligomers of PKM2 exist in high activity tetramer and low activity dimer forms. The dimer PKM2 regulates the rate-limiting step of glycolysis that shifts the glucose metabolism from the normal respiratory chain to lactate production in tumor cells. Besides its role as a metabolic regulator, it also acts as a protein kinase, which contributes to tumorigenesis. PKM2 serves as a promising target for cancer treatment.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-D1877
    ZY-1
    		98.91%
    ZY-1 is a control molecule of ZY-2 (HY-D1876, a PKM2 fluorescent probe). ZY-1 shows a low fluorescence emission in HeLa, a cervical cancer cell abundant in PKM2 expression.
    ZY-1
  • HY-P3201
    PKCζ/ι pseudosubstrate inhibitor
    		Inhibitor
    PKCζ/ι pseudosubstrate inhibitor has broad-spectrum effects on the PKC enzyme family and can induce memory impairment.
    PKCζ/ι pseudosubstrate inhibitor
  • HY-B1814
    Vitamin K5
    		Inhibitor
    Vitamin K5 (Synkamin) is a photosensitizer and a antimicrobial agent. Vitamin K5 is a specific PKM2 inhibitor with IC50 values of 28, 191 and 120 μM for PKM2, PKM1 and PKL. Vitamin K5 induces apoptosis of colon 26 cells. Vitamin K5 can be used for the research of infection and cancer, and it also can be used as a preservative for pharmaceuticals, foods, and beverages.
    Vitamin K5
  • HY-155849
    PKM2-IN-4
    		Inhibitor
    Pkm2-in-4 (compound 5C) is a selective inhibitor of PKM2 (IC50=0.35 μM), which regulates pyruvate-dependent respiration and induces mitochondrial H202 production rate and electron transport system coupling.
    PKM2-IN-4
  • HY-147397
    PKM2 activator 3
    		Activator
    PKM2 activator 3 is a potent PKM2 activator with an AC50 value of 90 nM. PKM2 activator 3 has good Caco-2 permeability, a low efflux ratio and high microsomal stability. PKM2 activator 3 can be used for researching anticancer.
    (AC50: the concentration which gives 50% activation of enzyme.)
    PKM2 activator 3
  • HY-134177
    2,5-Anhydro-D-glucitol-1,6-diphosphate
    		Activator
    2,5-Anhydro-D-glucitol-1,6-diphosphate is a limited stimulator of yeast Pyruvate Kinase. 2,5-Anhydro-D-glucitol-1,6-diphosphate is used as an analogue of the a-form, 2,5-anhydro-D-mannitol 1,6-bisphosphate, while is an excellent allosteric activator of Pyruvate Kinase.
    2,5-Anhydro-D-glucitol-1,6-diphosphate
  • HY-153354
    PKR activator 4
    		Activator
    PKR activator 4 (example 7A) is a potent pyruvate kinase R (PKR) activator. PKR activator 4 has the potential for the research of blood disorders.
    PKR activator 4
  • HY-139667
    PKM2-IN-3
    		Inhibitor
    PKM2-IN-3 is an inhibitor of PKM2 kinase with an IC50 value of 4.1 μM. PKM2-IN-3 exhibits an anti-neuroinflammatory effect by inhibiting PKM2-mediated glycolysis and NLRP3 activation.
    PKM2-IN-3
  • HY-119874
    Alkannin
    		Inhibitor
    Alkannin is a potent and specific inhibitor of tumor-specific pyruvate kinase-M2 (PKM2). Alkannin does not inhibit PKM1 and pyruvate kinase-L (PKL). Alkannin acts as a potential anticancer agent.
    Alkannin
  • HY-149275
    PKM2/PDK1-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    PKM2/PDK1-IN-1, one of shikonin thioether derivatives, is a dual inhibitor of PKM2/PDK1. PKM2/PDK1-IN-1 inhibits the proliferation of NSCLC cells, and induces apoptosis. PKM2/PDK1-IN-1 induces intercellular ROS production, and regulates the apoptotic proteins, to involves in mitochondrial and death receptor pathway.
    PKM2/PDK1-IN-1
  • HY-121275
    Benserazide
    		Inhibitor
    Benserazide is a PKM2 inhibitor. Benserazide directly binds to and blocks PKM2 enzyme activity, leading to inhibition of aerobic glycolysis concurrent up-regulation of OXPHOS. Benserazide can be used for the research of melanoma.
    Benserazide
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity